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This book analyzes and explains forty-five years of European foreign policy making toward the Mediterranean. It asks why, when, and how EU member states formulated new foreign policy initiatives toward their southern neighbors. By using a policy analysis approach, the book addresses the conditions that have led to new policy initiatives toward the Mediterranean non-member states.

European Union countries --- Mediterranean Region --- Arab countries --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Méditerranée, Région de la --- Etats arabes --- Foreign relations --- Relations extérieures --- #SBIB:327.7H233 --- 327.401822 --- Europese Unie: externe relaties, buitenlands- en defensiebeleid (ook WEU) --- -European Union countries --- -Mediterranean Region --- Circum-Mediterranean countries --- Mediterranean Area --- Mediterranean countries --- Mediterranean Sea Region --- EU countries --- Euroland --- Europe --- Arab world --- Arabic countries --- Arabic-speaking states --- Islamic countries --- Middle East --- -Foreign relations --- 327.401822Europese Unie: externe relaties, buitenlands- en defensiebeleid (ook WEU)Arab countries --- Middle EastForeign relations --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Méditerranée, Région de la --- Relations extérieures

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In academic and/or cultural debate, the word «Mediterranean» elicits mixed reactions and is revealing of normative considerations and the role of politics. This chapter explores two different perspectives that emerge from the extensive literature on this subject, and suggests a third, inspired by the contemporary trend of the debate (or rather, its absence). First, the chapter examines conceptions of the Mediterranean as a unitary entity or political actor in and of itself. The Mediterranean as a «cradle of civilization», originally described by Braudel, has been taken up more recently by Horden and Purcell, who emphasized the central role of connectivity between local communities, and by the Italian school of geo-philosophy headed by Bassano, for whom the Mediterranean is a specific value system to be respected. A second perspective emphasizes instead the Mediterranean as an area of conflict, characterized by deep fault lines. Huntington's position, captured by the expression «clash of civilizations», has been taken up and reworked by the post-colonial perspective, which sees the Mediterranean as an area characterized by permanent tensions. The chapter suggests a third option, however, noting that the word «Mediterranean» is disappearing from political vocabularies.

Mediterranean Sea --- Description and travel.

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Union for the Mediterranean. --- Mediterranean Region --- Economic integration. --- Union for the Mediterranean.Mediterranean RegionEconomic integration.

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Recent efforts by the United States and its allies to promote democracy, security, and stability in the Middle East owe much to the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (EMP) - also known as the Barcelona Process - an important region-building plan in the Mediterranean region since 1995. The Convergence of Civilizations represents the output of an innovative and much needed collaborative project focused on the EMP. Editors Emanuel Adler, Beverly Crawford, Federica Bicchi, and Rafaella A. Del Sarto have set out to show that regional security and stability may be achieved through a cultural approach based on the concept of regional identity construction, and aim to take stock of the EMP in relation to this goal.The contributors to this collection focus on the obstacles Mediterranean region construction faces due to post 9/11 regional and global events, the difficulties of the Israeli-Palestinian peace process, tensions between the EU and the US over Iraq, and the expected consequences of EU enlargement. They also seek to bring the EMP and region-making practices to the attention of American scholars in order to promote a more fertile academic exchange.Ultimately, the contributors demonstrate that the EMP and related region-making practices, while failing so far to promote the development of a Mediterranean regional identity and to achieve regional stability, suggest nonetheless a viable model for regional partnership and cooperation, and thus, for preventing a 'clash of civilizations' in the long haul. The Convergence of Civilizations will be an important tool for meeting the current global challenges being faced by nation-states as well as those in the future.

Mediterranean Region --- Mediterranean Region --- History --- Politics and government